General Linux Commands
Moving around in the file system
| Command
|
Action
|
| pwd |
"Print working directory" - show what directory you are in.
|
| ls |
List the contents (files and subdirectories) of a directory.
|
| ls -l |
List the contents of a dir and show additional info of the files.
|
| ls -a |
List all files, including hidden files, which typically start with a dot.
|
| ls -lh |
List the contents of a dir and show additional info of the files (the files sizes are given in easy to read units).
|
| ls -lt |
List the contents of a dir in cronological order with most recent files on top and show additional info of the files.
|
| cd dirname |
Change to the dirname directory.
|
| cd .. |
Go to the top level of your home directory.
|
Examining files
| Command
|
Action
|
| file filename |
Determine the type of a file.
|
| cat filename |
Concatenate a file.
|
| less filename |
View text files and paginate them if needed.
|
| more filename |
View text files, one page at a time.
|
Manipulating files and directories
| Command
|
Action
|
| cp filename dirname |
Copy a file into a directory.
|
| cp filename1 filename2 |
Copy a file into another.
|
| cp -i filename dirname |
Copy a file into a directory and ask before overwriting.
|
| cp -i filename1 filename2 |
Copy a file into another and ask before overwriting.
|
| cp -r dir1 dir2 |
Copy a directory with its contents.
|
| mv filename dirname |
Move a file into a directory.
|
| mv filename1 filename2 |
Renames a file.
|
| mv -i filename dirname |
Move a file and ask before overwriting.
|
| mv -i filename1 filename2 |
Rename a file and ask before overwriting.
|
| rm filename |
Remove a file.
|
| rm -r dirname |
Remove a directory with its contents.
|
| rm -i filename |
Ask before removing a file.
|
| rm -i -r dirname |
Ask before removing a directory and its contents.
|
| mkdir dirname |
Make a directory.
|
| rmdir dirname |
Remove an empty directory.
|
Converting files to Linux format
| Command
|
Action
|
| dos2unix filename |
Removes DOS/Windows line endings in file.
|
| mac2unix filename |
Removes Mac line endings in file.
|
Torque/Moab commands
| Command
|
Action
|
| qsub |
Submit a job to the queue
|
| qdel |
Cancel a queued or running job
|
| qstat |
Check the status of queued and running jobs
|
| qstat_me |
List all jobs for the user running the command
|
| mdiag -n -v |
List all nodes and their state
|
| checkjob |
Check the status of a queued or running job
|
Text Editors
Sapelo2 and the teaching cluster have the following text editors available: vi, vim, emacs, nano.